University of Georgia

A website from the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences

Melissa G Mitchum Lab

Plant-Nematode Interactions

Research Articles

Members of the Mitchum lab are in bold (with the following designations: §post-doctoral researcher, £graduate student, undergraduate student, ‡research specialist).

  1. *Usovsky M, *£Gamage VA, Meinhardt CG, Dietz N, Triller M, Basnet P, Gillman JD, Bilyeu KD, Song Q, Dhital B, Nguyen A, †Mitchum MG, †Scaboo A. Loss-of-function of an α-SNAP gene confers resistance to soybean cyst nematode. Nat Comm 2023: accepted. *co-first authors; †co-corresponding authors
  2. Mahmood A, Bilyeu K, Skrabisova M, Biová J, De Meyer EJ, ‡Meinhardt CG, Usovsky M, Song Q, Lorenz A, Mitchum MG, Shannon G, Scaboo A. Cataloging SCN resistance loci in North American public soybean breeding programs. Frontiers in Plant Science, section Plant- Pathogen Interactions 2023; 14, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1270546
  3. Korasick DA, Owuocha LF, §Kandoth PK, Tanner JJ, Mitchum MG, Beamer LJ. Structural and functional analysis of two SHMT8 variants associated with soybean cyst nematode resistance. FEBS Journal 2023; http://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16971
  4. §Rocha RO, ŦHussey RS, Pepi LE, Azadi P, Mitchum MG. Discovery of novel effector proteins produced in the dorsal gland of root-knot nematode adult females. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 2023; DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-11-22-0232-R
  5. £Basnet P, Meinhardt CG, Dhital B, Nguyen A, Gillman JD, Joshi T, Mitchum MG, Scaboo, AM. Development of a standardized soybean cyst nematode screening assay in Pennycress and identification of resistant germplasm. Plant Disease, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0858-RE
  6. Chen S, Mitchum MG, Wang X. Characterization and response of two potato receptor-like kinases to cyst nematode infection. 2022, Plant Signal. Behav. 2022: 17(1):2148372. DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2148372
  7. Mitchum MG, ‡Averitt B, £Goode K, Martin K, ‡Lance K, £Mitchell M, ŦHussey RS, Jagdale G, Kemerait RC. Frequency of occurrence of Heterodera glycines types, Meloidogyne spp., and eight other nematode taxa associated with soybeans in Georgia.Plant Health Prog. 2022; https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-09-22-0096-S
  8. Mitchum MG, §Rocha RO, Huang G, Maier TR, Baum TJ, ŦHussey RS. Genome-guided reanalysis of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita esophageal gland cell-enriched sequence tag libraries: A resource for the discovery of novel effectors. PhytoFrontiers 2022; https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTOFR-09-22-0099-A
  9. ‡Verma A, £Lin M, Smith D, §Lee C, Walker JC, Hewezi T, Davis EL, ŦHussey RS, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG. A novel sugar beet cyst nematode effector 2D01 targets the Arabidopsis HAESA receptor-like kinase. Mol. Plant Pathol. 2022; 23(12):1765-1782. *See also the Molecular Plant Pathology Highlight (https://www.bspp.org.uk/microscopic-roundworm-targets-key-protein-in-plant-cell-wall-for-feeding-site-formation-molecular-plant-pathology-highlight/) and Cover Image (https://bsppjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13643703/2022/23/12)
  10. £Basnet P, ‡Meinhardt CG, Usovsky M, Gillman JD, Joshi T, Song Q, Diers B, Mitchum MG, Scaboo A. Epistatic interaction between Rhg1-a and Rhg2 in PI 90763 confers resistance to virulent soybean cyst nematode populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 2022; 135 (6):2025-2039. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04091-2
  11. Maier TR, Masonbrink RE, Paramasivan V, £Gardner M, ‡Howland A, Mitchum MG, Baum TJ. Esophageal gland RNA-seq resource of a virulent and avirulent population of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 2021;34(9):1084-1087. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-03-21-0051-A
  12. ‡Meinhardt C, ‡Howland A, Ellersick M, Scaboo A, Diers B, Mitchum MG. Resistance gene pyramiding and rotation to combat widespread soybean cyst nematode virulence. Plant Disease 2021; https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2556-RE
  13. Vieira CC, Chen P, Usovski M, Vuong T, ‡Howland AD, Nguyen H, Li Z, Mitchum MG, Shannon G. Major QTL for resistance to southern root-knot nematode sustains soybean yield under nematode pressure. Crop Science 2021; https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20443
  14. Wang J, Dhroso A, §Liu X, Baum TJ, Hussey RS, Davis EL, Wang X, Korkin D, Mitchum MG. Phytonematode peptide effectors exploit a host post-translational trafficking mechanism to the ER secretory pathway using a novel translocation signal. New Phytologist 2021; 229(1): 563-574. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16765 **See also the Commentary on this article by Frei dit Frey & Favery 229: 11–13.
  15. *Pogorelko G, *Wang J, Juvale PS, Mitchum MG, Baum TJ. Screening soybean cyst nematode effectors for their ability to suppress plant immunity. Molecular Plant Pathology 2020;21(9):1240-1247. *Equal contribution https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12972
  16. *Wang J, £*Yeckel G, §Kandoth PK, ‡Wasala L, Hussey RS, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG. Targeted suppression of soybean BAG6 induced cell death by soybean cyst nematode effectors. Molecular Plant Pathology 2020; 21(9):1227-1239 *Equal contribution https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12970
  17. Korasick D, §Kandoth PK, Tanner J, Mitchum MG, Beamer L. Impaired folate binding of soybean SHMT8 underlies resistance to the soybean cyst nematode. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2020;295(11):3708-3718. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA119.012256
  18. Masonbrink R, Maier TR, Muppirala U, Seetharam AS, Lord E, Juvale PS, Schmutz J, Johnson NT, Korkin D, Mitchum MG, Mimee B, Eves-vn den Akker S, Hudson M, Severin AJ, Baum TJ. The genome of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) reveals complex patterns of duplications involved in the evolution of parasitism genes. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-5485-8
  19. ‡Howland A, Monnig N, Mathesius J, Nathan M, Mitchum MG. Survey of Heterodera glycines population levels and virulence phenotypes during 2015-2016 in Missouri. Plant Disease 2018;102:2407-2410. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-18-0650-SR
  20. Barnes SN, Wram CL, Mitchum MG, Baum TJ. The plant-parasitic cyst nematode effector GLAND4 is a DNA-binding protein. Molecular Plant Pathology 2018; 19:2263-2276. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12697
  21. §Verma A, §Lee C, Morriss S, Odu F, §Kenning C, Rizzo N, Spollen WG, £Lin M, McRae A, Givan SA, Hewezi T, Hussey R, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG. The novel cyst nematode effector protein 30D08 targets host nuclear functions to alter gene expression in feeding sites. New Phytologist 2018; 219:697-713. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15179
  22. Ruark CL, £Gardner M, Mitchum MG, Davis EL, Sit TL. Novel RNA viruses within plant parasitic nematodes. PLOS One 2018; 13:e0193881. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193881
  23. £Gardner M, Dhroso A, Johnson N, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Korkin D, Mitchum, MG. Novel global effector mining from the transcriptome of early life stages of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines. Scientific Reports 2018; 8:2505. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20536-5
  24. Shannon G, Nguyen HT, Crisel M, Smothers S, Clubb M, Vieira CC, Ali ML, Selves S, Mitchum MG, Scaboo A, Li Z, Bond J, ‡Meinhardt C, Robbins RT, Chen P. Registration of ‘S11-20124C’ soybean with high yield potential, multiple nematode resistance, and salt tolerance. Journal of Plant Registrations 2018; 13(2):154-160. https://doi.org/10.3198/jpr2018.06.0041crc
  25. Shannon G, Crisel M, Smothers S, Ali ML, Clubb M, Selves S, Mitchum MG, Scaboo A, Li Z, Bond J, ‡Meinhardt C, and Chen P. Registration of ‘MO 5301D CONV’ Soybean. Journal of Plant Registrations 2018; 13(2):148-153. https://doi.org/10.3198/jpr2018.02.0006crc
  26. Kandoth PK, Liu S, Prenger E, Ludwig A, Lakhssassi N, ‡Heinz R, Zhou Z, ‡Howland A, Gunther J, Warren S, Dhroso A, LaFayette P, Tucker D, Johnson S, Anderson J, Alaswad A, Cianzio SR, Parrott WA, Korkin D, Meksem K, Mitchum MG. Systematic mutagenesis of serine hydroxymethyltransferase reveals an essential role in nematode resistance. Plant Physiology 2017; 175:1370-1380. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.17.00553
  27. £Dowd CD, Chronis D, Radakovic ZS, Siddique S, Schmulling T, Werner T, Kakimoto T, Grundler FMW, Mitchum MG. Divergent expression of cytokinin biosynthesis, signaling and catabolism genes underlying differences in feeding sites induced by cyst and root-knot nematodes. The Plant Journal 2017; 92:211-228. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13647
  28. Liu S, Kandoth P, Lakhssassi N, £Kang J, Colantonio VN, ‡Heinz R, £Yeckel G, Zhou Z, Bekal S, Dapprich J, Rotter B, Cianzio S, Mitchum MG, Meksem K. The soybean GmSNAP18 underlies two types of resistance to soybean cyst nematode. Nature Communications 2017: 8:14822 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14822
  29. Ruark CL, Koenning SR, Davis EL, Opperman CH, Lommel SA, Mitchum MG, and Sit TL. Soybean cyst nematode culture collections and field populations from North Carolina and Missouri reveal high incidences of infection by viruses. PLOS One 2017: 12(1): https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171514
  30. Guo X, §Wang J, £Gardner M, Fukuda H, Kondo Y, Etchells P, Wang X, and Mitchum MG. Identification of cyst nematode B-type CLE peptides and modulation of the vascular stem cell pathway for feeding cell formation. PLOS Pathogens 2017: 13(2):e1006142. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171514
  31. £Gardner MN, ‡Heinz R, Wang J, and Mitchum MG. Genetics and adaptation of soybean cyst nematode to broad spectrum soybean resistance. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics 2017; 7(3) 835-841; https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.116.035964
  32. Noon J, Mingsheng Q, Sill D, Muppirala U, Eves-van den Akker S, Maier T, Dobbs D, Mitchum MG, Hewezi T, Baum TJ. A Plasmodium-like virulence effector of the soybean cyst nematode suppresses plant innate immunity. New Phytologist 2016; 212:444-460. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14047
  33. Siddique S, Radakovic ZS, £De La Torre CM, Chronis D, Holbein J, Novak O, Matera C, Hutten M, Gutbrod P, Anjam MS, Rozanska E, Habbash S, Elashry AN, Sobczak M, Strnad M, Kakimoto T, Schmulling T, Mitchum MG, Grundler F. A plant-parasitic nematode releases cytokinins that control cell division and orchestrate feeding-site formation in host plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2015;112(41):12669-74 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503657112
  34. Pogorelko G, Juvale PS, Rutter WB, Hewezi T, Hussey R, Davis EL, Mitchum MG, Baum TJ. A cyst nematode effector binds to diverse plant proteins, increases nematode susceptibility and affects root morphology. Molecular Plant Pathology 2015;17(6):832-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12330
  35. Nguyen, PDT, Pike S, Wang J, Poudel AN, ‡Heinz R, Schultz JC, Koo AJ, Mitchum MG, Appel H, Gassmann W. The Arabidopsis immune regulator SRFR1 dampens defences against herbivory by Spodoptera exigua and parasitism by Heterodera schachtii. Molecular Plant Pathology 2015;17(4):588-600. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12304
  36. Noon JB, Hewezi T, Maier TR, Simmons C, Wei J-Z, Wu G, Llaca V, Deschamps S, Davis EL, Mitchum MG, Hussey RS, Baum TJ. Eighteen new candidate effectors of the phytonematode Heterodera glycines produced specifically in the secretory esophageal gland cells during parasitism. Phytopathology 2015;105(10):1362-72. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-15-0049-R
  37. Hewezi T, Juvale P, Piya S, Maier TR, Rambani A, Hollis Rice J, Mitchum MG, Davis EL, Hussey RS, Baum TJ. The novel cyst nematode effector protein 10A07 targets and recruits host post-translational machinery to mediate its nuclear trafficking and promote parasitism. The Plant Cell 2015;27(3):891-907 https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.135327
  38. Guo X, §Chronis D, £De La Torre Cuba CM, Smeda J, Wang X, Mitchum MG. Enhanced resistance to soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines in transgenic soybean by silencing putative CLE receptors. Plant Biotechnology Journal 2015;13(6):801-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12313
  39. Chen S, Lang P, Chronis D, Zhang S, De Jong WS, Mitchum MG, Wang X. In planta processing and glycosylation of a nematode CLE effector and its interaction with a host CLV2-like receptor to promote parasitism. Plant Physiology 2015 167;262-272. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.251637
  40. Rutter WB, Hewezi T, Maier TR, Mitchum MG, Davis EL, Hussey R, Baum TJ. Members of the Meloidogyne avirulence protein family contain multiple ligand-like motifs. Phytopathology 2014;104(8): 879-885. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-11-13-0326-R
  41. Kandoth P, ‡Heinz R, £Yeckel G, £Gross NW, Juvale PS, Hill J, Whitham SA, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG. A virus-induced gene silencing method to study soybean cyst nematode parasitism in Glycine max. BioMed Central Research Notes 2013;6:255. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1756-0500-6-255
  42. Replogle A, Wang J, Paolillo V, Smeda J, Kinoshita A, Durbak A, Tax FE, Wang X, Sawa S, and Mitchum MG. Synergistic interaction of CLAVATA1, CLAVATA2, and RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE 2 in cyst nematode parasitism of Arabidopsis. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2013;26(1):87-96. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-05-12-0118-FI
  43. *Liu S, *Kandoth PK, Warren SD, £Yeckel G, ‡Heinz R, Alden J, Yang C, Jamai A, El-Mellouki T, Juvale PS, Hill J, Baum TJ, Cianzio S, Whitham SA, Korkin D, †Mitchum MG, and †Meksem K. A soybean cyst nematode resistance gene points to a new mechanism of plant resistance to pathogens. Nature 2012;492:256-260. *co-first authors; †co-senior authors https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11651
  44. Juvale PS, Hewezi T, Zhang C, Kandoth PK, Mitchum MG, Hill JH, Whitham SA, and Baum TJ. Temporal and spatial Bean pod mottle virus-induced gene silencing in soybean. Molecular Plant Pathology 2012;13(9):1140-1148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00808.x
  45. Hamamouch N, Li C, Hewezi T, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG, Hussey RS, Vodkin LO, and Davis EL. The interaction of the novel 30C02 cyst nematode effector protein with a plant beta-1,3-endoglucanase may suppress host defence to promote parasitism. Journal of Experimental Botany 2012;63(10):3683-3696. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fjxb%2Fers058
  46. *Kandoth PK, *§Ithal N, Recknor J, Maier T, Nettleton D, Baum TJ, and Mitchum MG. The soybean Rhg1 locus for resistance to the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines regulates expression of a large number of stress- and defense-related genes in degenerating feeding cells. Plant Physiology 2011;155:1960-1975. *co-first authors https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.167536
  47. *Lee C, *§Chronis D, §Kenning C, Peret B, Hewezi T, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Hussey RS, Bennett M and Mitchum MG. The novel cyst nematode effector protein 19C07 interacts with the Arabidopsis auxin influx transporter LAX3 to control feeding site development. Plant Physiology 2011;155:866-880.*co-first authors https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.167197
  48. £Replogle A, Wang J, Bleckmann A, Hussey RS, Baum TJ, Shinichiro S, Davis EL, Wang X, Simon R, and Mitchum MG. Nematode CLE signaling in Arabidopsis requires CLAVATA2 and CORYNE. The Plant Journal 2011;65(3):430-440. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04433.x
  49. Wang J, £Replogle A, Hussey R, Baum T, Wang X, Davis EL, and Mitchum MG. Identification of potential host plant mimics of CLV3/ESR (CLE)-like peptides from the plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii. Molecular Plant Pathology 2011;12(2):177-186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00660.x
  50. *£Liu X, *Liu S, Jamai A, Bendahmane A, Lightfoot D, Mitchum MG and Meksem K. Soybean cyst nematode resistance in soybean is independent of the Rhg4 locus LRR-RLK Functional and Integrative Genomics 2011;11(4):539-549. *co-first authors https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-011-0225-4
  51. *Brown S, *£Yeckel G, *‡Heinz R, Clark K, Sleper D, and Mitchum MG. A high-throughput automated technique for counting females of Heterodera glycines using a fluorescence-based imaging system. Journal of Nematology 2010;42(3):201-206. *co-first authors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3380484/
  52. Wang J, Joshi S, Korkin D, and Mitchum MG. Variable domain I of nematode CLEs directs post-translational targeting of CLE peptides to the extracellular space. Plant Signaling and Behavior 2010;5(12):1-3. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.5.12.13774
  53. Wang J, §Lee C, £Replogle A, Joshi S, Korkin D, Hussey R, Baum TJ, Davis EL, Wang X and Mitchum MG. Dual roles for the variable domain in protein trafficking and host-specific recognition of Heterodera glycines CLE effector proteins. New Phytologist 2010;187(4):1003-1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03300.x
  54. Patel N, Hamamouch N, Li C, Hewezi T, Hussey RS, Baum TJ, Mitchum MG and Davis EL. A nematode effector protein similar to annexins in host plants. Journal of Experimental Botany 2010;61(1):235-248. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp293
  55. Hewezi T, Howe PJ, Maier TR, Hussey RS, Mitchum MG, Davis EL and Baum TJ. Arabidopsis spermidine synthase is targeted by an effector protein of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Plant Physiology 2010;152(2):968-984. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.150557
  56. Sindhu AS, Maier TR, Mitchum MG, Hussey RS, Davis EL and Baum TJ. Effective and specific in planta RNAi in cyst nematodes: Expression interference of four parasitism genes reduces parasitic success. Journal of Experimental Botany 2009;60(1):315-324. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern289
  57. Lu SW, Chen S, Wang J, Yu H, Chronis D, Mitchum MG and Wang X. Structural and functional diversity of CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-like genes from the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2009;22(9):1128-1142. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-22-9-1128
  58. Patel N, Hamamouch N, Li C, Hussey R, Mitchum M, Baum T, Wang X and Davis EL. Similarity and functional analyses of expressed parasitism genes in Heterodera schachtii and Heterodera glycines. Journal of Nematology 2008;40(4):299-310.
  59. *Hu J, *Mitchum MG, Barnaby N, Ayele BT, Ogawa M, Nam E, Lai WC, Hanada A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR, Swain SM, Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y and Suna TP. Potential sites of bioactive gibberellin production during reproductive growth in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 2008;20(2):320-336.*co-first authors. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.107.057752
  60. Hewezi T, Howe P, Maier TR, Hussey RS, Mitchum MG, Davis EL and Baum TJ. Cellulose binding protein from the parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii interacts with Arabidopsis pectin methylesterase: Cooperative cell wall modification during parasitism. The Plant Cell 2008;20(11):3080-3093. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063065
  61. Wang X, Replogle A, Davis EL and Mitchum MG. The tobacco Cel7 gene promoter is auxin-responsive and locally induced in nematode feeding sites of heterologous plants. Molecular Plant Pathology 2007;8(4):423-436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00403.x
  62. Mitchum MG, Wrather JA, ‡Heinz RD, Shannon JG and Danekas G. Variability in distribution and virulence phenotypes of Heterodera glycines in Missouri during 2005. Plant Disease 2007;91(11):1473-1476. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-91-11-1473
  63. Ithal N, Recknor J, Nettleton D, Maier T, Baum TJ and Mitchum MG. Developmental transcript profiling of cyst nematode feeding cells in soybean roots. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2007;20(5):510-525. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-20-5-0510
  64. Ithal N, Recknor J, Nettleton D, Hearne L, Maier T, Baum TJ and Mitchum MG. Parallel genome-wide expression profiling of host and pathogen during soybean cyst nematode infection of soybean. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2007;20(3):293-305. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-20-3-0293
  65. Wang X, Mitchum MG, Gao B, Li C, Diab H, Baum TJ, Hussey RS and Davis EL. A parasitism gene from a plant-parasitic nematode with function similar to CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE) of Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecular Plant Pathology 2005;6(2):187-191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00270.x
  66. *Mitchum MG, *Yamaguchi S, Hanada A, Kuwahara A, Yoshioka Y, Kato T, Tabata S, Kamiya Y and Sun TP. Distinct and overlapping roles of two gibberellin 3-oxidases in Arabidopsis development. The Plant Journal 2006;45(5):804-818. *co-first authors. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02642.x
  67. Mitchum MG, Sukno S, Wang X, Shani Z, Tsabary G, Shoseyov O and Davis EL. The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana Cel1 endo-1,4-beta glucanase gene is differentially expressed in plant feeding cells induced by root-knot and cyst nematodes. Molecular Plant Pathology 2004;5(3):175-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00216.x
  68. Goellner M, Wang X, and Davis EL. Endo-β-1,4-glucanase expression in compatible plant-nematode interactions. The Plant Cell 2001; 13:2241-2255. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.010219
  69. Wang X, Allen R, Ding X, Goellner M, Maier T, De Boer J, Baum T, Hussey R, and Davis EL. Signal peptide-selection of cDNA cloned directly from the esophageal gland cells of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2001; 14:536-544. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.2001.14.4.536
  70. Goellner M, Smant G, De Boer JM, Baum TJ, and Davis EL. Isolation of β-1,4-endoglucanase genes from Globodera tabacum and their expression during parasitism. Journal of Nematology 2000; 32(2):154-165. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2620441/